此篇已經重新謄錄完成!!
可以作廢。
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| vsftpd |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
# dnf list -h
# dnf list | grep vsftpd
vsftpd.x86_64 3.0.3-31.el8 AppStream
# dnf -y install vsftpd
...
已安裝:
logrotate-3.14.0-3.el8.x86_64 vsftpd-3.0.3-31.el8.x86_64 完成！
# dnf list installed | grep vsftpd
vsftpd.x86_64 3.0.3-31.el8
# rpm -qa | grep vsftpd
vsftpd-3.0.3-32.el8.x86_64
# vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
...
chroot_local_user=YES
...
# ls /usr/sbin | grep vsftpd
vsftpd
# ls /usr/lib/systemd/system | grep vsftpd
vsftpd.service
vsftpd@.service
vsftpd.target
# ls /etc/vsftpd
ftpusers user_list vsftpd.conf vsftpd_conf_migrate.sh
# ls /var/ftp
pub
# systemctl | grep vsftpd
# systemctl status vsftpd
# systemctl start vsftpd.service
# systemctl enable vsftpd.service
# systemctl start vsftpd.service
# systemctl enable vsftpd.service
# systemctl status vsftpd
# ps -aux | grep vsftpd
# firewall-cmd --state
running
# firewall-cmd --get-zones
block dmz drop external home internal public trusted work
# firewall-cmd --get-active-zone
public
interfaces: ens33
# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-all
public (active)
target: default
icmp-block-inversion: no
interfaces: ens33
sources:
services: cockpit dhcpv6-client ssh
...
# firewall-cmd --get-services | grep ftp //沒有 vsftpd
... ftp ...tftp tftp-client ...
# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=ftp
success
# firewall-cmd --reload
# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-all
public (active)
...
services: cockpit dhcpv6-client ftp ssh
# getsebool -a | grep ftp*
...
# setsebool -P ftpd_full_access on
# setsebool -P tftp_home_dir on
# useradd s306
# passwd s306
# cat /etc/group
...
s306:x:1000:
# cat /etc/passwd
...
s306:x:1000:1000::/home/s306:/bin/bash
...
s306:x:1000:1000::/home/s306:/bin/bash
# cat /etc/shadow
...
s306:$6$q5YHBgD77s9Och3S$LQvTtYegLZOJSjqoc7jsssC0NY/9z8AcZm5E0dysTZ9LZZLzVmStgdMsYUhkhbYk87g9rOptU1H/E9G9lwxmR0:18602:0:99999:7:::
...
s306:$6$q5YHBgD77s9Och3S$LQvTtYegLZOJSjqoc7jsssC0NY/9z8AcZm5E0dysTZ9LZZLzVmStgdMsYUhkhbYk87g9rOptU1H/E9G9lwxmR0:18602:0:99999:7:::
# ls -l /home
drwx------. 2 s306 s306 62 12月 6 09:01 s306
# id s306
uid=1000(s306) gid=1000(s306) groups=1000(s306)
# su -l s306
$ mkdir {01..40}
$ ls
$ su
密碼：
# cd
#
# lsattr /home
-------------------- /home/s306
# chattr +a -R /home/s306
# lsattr /home
-----a-------------- /home/s306
ftp://s306@192.168.1.100/40 //測試是否可以正常ftp 及 新增檔案
# ps aux | grep s306
root 9712 0.0 0.1 334996 6276 pts/0 S 15:01 0:00 su -l s306
s306 9713 0.0 0.1 232912 3872 pts/0 S 15:01 0:00 -bash
root 9802 0.0 0.0 221896 1068 pts/0 S+ 15:12 0:00 grep --color=auto s306
# kill -9 1394 //送出 kill ，訊號9，強制結束該行程 //??pietty 連線會中斷
# chattr -a -R /home/s306
# userdel -rf s306
# cat /etc/group
# cat /etc/passwd
# cat /etc/shadow
# ls -l /home
# dnf -y remove vsftpd
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Apache |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
# dnf list | grep httpd
...
httpd.x86_64 2.4.37-30.module_el8.3.0+561+97fdbbcc @AppStream
...
# dnf -y install httpd
...
已安裝:
httpd-2.4.37-30.module_el8.3.0+561+97fdbbcc.x86_64
...
# dnf list installed grep httpd
已安裝軟體包
...
httpd.x86_64 2.4.37-30.module_el8.3.0+561+97fdbbcc @AppStream
# ls /usr/sbin | grep httpd
httpd
# ls /usr/lib/systemd/system | grep httpd
httpd.service
httpd@.service
httpd.service.d
httpd.socket
httpd.socket.d
# ls /etc/httpd/conf
httpd.conf magic
# ls /var/www
cgi-bin html
# systemctl start httpd.service
# systemctl enable httpd.service
# systemctl status httpd.service
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled>
Active: active (running) since Sun 2020-12-13 16:19:06 CST; 24>
...
# ps -aux | grep httpd
...
apache 1893 0.0 0.2 294188 8484 ? S 16:19 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
apache 1894 0.0 0.3 1810712 12324 ? Sl 16:19 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
apache 1896 0.0 0.4 1941848 16412 ? Sl 16:19 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
apache 1907 0.0 0.3 1810712 12324 ? Sl 16:19 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
# firewall-cmd --get-services | grep http
...
availability http https imap imaps ipp
...
# firewall-cmd --get-zones
block dmz drop external home internal public trusted work
# firewall-cmd --get-active-zone
public
# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-all
public (active)
target: default
icmp-block-inversion: no
interfaces: ens33
sources:
services: cockpit dhcpv6-client ftp ssh
...
# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http
success
# firewall-cmd --reload
success
# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-all public (active)
...
services: cockpit dhcpv6-client ftp http ssh
...
HostOS
http://192.168.1.100/
# vi /var/www/html/01.html
This page is on /var/www/html ...
http://192.168.1.100/01.html
This page is on /var/www/html ...
-----------------------------
----------------------------- 設定虛擬目錄 Alias -----------------------------
-----------------------------
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////系統目錄下
# ls /
bin dev home lib64 mnt proc run srv tmp var
boot etc lib media opt root sbin sys usr
# mkdir /opt/web
# vi /opt/web/02.html
This page is on /opt/web ...
# ls -l /
...
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 12月 12 15:19 home
...
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 17 12月 13 16:47 opt
...
# ls -l /opt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 21 12月 13 16:48 web
# ls -l /opt/web
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 29 12月 13 16:48 02.html
# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
... //最後加上
Alias /opt_web /opt/web
<Directory /opt/web>
Require all granted
</Directory>
# systemctl restart httpd.service
http://192.168.1.100/opt_web/02.html
This page is on /opt/web ...
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////// home目錄下
# mkdir /home/web
# vi /home/web/03.html
This page is on /home/web ...
# ls -l /
...
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 17 12月 13 17:06 home
...
# ls -l /home
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 21 12月 13 17:07 web
# ls -l /home/web
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 30 12月 13 17:07 03.html
# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
...
Alias /home_web /home/web
<Directory /home/web>
Require all granted
</Directory>
# systemctl restart httpd.service
http://192.168.1.100/home_web/03.html
Forbidden
You don't have permission to access this resource.
# tail -1 /var/log/httpd/error_log
[Sun Dec 13 17:17:59.229269 2020] [core:error] [pid 2902:tid 139709336037120] (13)Permission denied: [client 192.168.1.105:65439] AH00132: file permissions deny server access: /home/web/03.html
# man ls
...
-Z, --context
print any security context of each file
...
# ls -Z /var/www
system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 html
# ls -Z /var/www/html
unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 01.html
# ls -Z /opt
unconfined_u:object_r:usr_t:s0 web
# ls -Z /opt/web
unconfined_u:object_r:usr_t:s0 02.html
# ls -Z /home
unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_dir_t:s0 web
# ls -Z /home/web
unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_t:s0 03.html
# chcon -t httpd_sys_content_t /home/web
# ls -Z /home
unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 web
# ls -Z /home/web
unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_t:s0 03.html
# chcon -t httpd_sys_content_t /home/web/03.html
# ls -Z /home/web
unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 03.html
http://192.168.1.100/home_web/03.html
This page is on /home/web ...
# vi /home/web/04.html
This page is on /home/web TOO ....
# ls -Z /home/web
unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 03.html
unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 04.html
http://192.168.1.100/home_web/04.html
This page is on /home/web TOO ....
@@@ 若要在 /home 下建立網站虛擬目錄，先
# chcon -t httpd_sys_content_t /home/web
再建立網頁，就不須再變更各網頁
-----------------------------
----------------------------- UserDir個人網頁 -----------------------------
-----------------------------
# dnf -y install httpd
# systemctl start httpd.service
# systemctl enable httpd.service
# systemctl status httpd.service
# firewall-cmd --get-active-zone
public
interfaces: ens33
# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-all
public (active)
...
services: cockpit dhcpv6-client ssh
...
# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http
success
# firewall-cmd --reload
success
# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-all
public (active)
...
services: cockpit dhcpv6-client http ssh
http://172.31.145.99/
# useradd kk1
# passwd kk1
# mkdir /home/kk1/public_html
****************************************************
//使用者家目錄的參考，建立 /etc/skel/public_html 這個目錄，那麼未來新增使用者後，在他的家目錄下就會有 public_html 那個目錄了
# mkdir /etc/skel/public_html
# ls /etc/skel/
public_html
# useradd kk1
# passwd kk1
****************************************************
# ls -l /home/
drwx------. 3 kk1 kk1 81 12月 14 23:17 kk1
# chmod 711 /home/kk1
# ls -l /home/
drwx--x--x. 3 kk1 kk1 81 12月 18 13:51 kk1
# ls -l /home/kk1
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 12月 14 23:17 public_html
# vi /home/kk1/public_html/index.html
This page is on /home/kk1/public_html...
# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/userdir.conf
...
# UserDir disabled
...
UserDir public_html
...
# systemctl restart httpd.service
http://172.31.145.99/~kk1
Forbidden
You don't have permission to access this resource.
# tail -1 /var/log/httpd/error_log
[Fri Dec 18 13:58:02.211753 2020] [core:error] [pid 10084:tid 139974091257600] (13)Permission denied: [client 172.31.145.100:50148] AH00035: access to /~kk1 denied (filesystem path '/home/kk1/public_html') because search permissions are missing on a component of the path
# sestatus
SELinux status: enabled
SELinuxfs mount: /sys/fs/selinux
SELinux root directory: /etc/selinux
Loaded policy name: targeted
Current mode: enforcing
Mode from config file: enforcing
Policy MLS status: enabled
Policy deny_unknown status: allowed
Memory protection checking: actual (secure)
Max kernel policy version: 31
//Enforcing：SELinux 正在執行; Permissive ：臨時關閉; 如果是 Disabled, 即已經關閉
# getenforce
Enforcing
# setenforce 0
# getenforce
Permissive
****************************************************
永久關閉 SELinux
# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
...
#SELINUX=enforcing
SELINUX=disabled
儲存檔案後重新啟動系統便會永久關閉 SELinux
****************************************************
http://172.31.145.99/~kk1/
This page is on /home/kk1/public_html...
由此可知是SELinux
再將 SELinux 執行
# setenforce 1
# getenforce
Enforcing
# getsebool -a | grep httpd
httpd_anon_write --> off
httpd_builtin_scripting --> on
httpd_can_check_spam --> off
httpd_can_connect_ftp --> off
httpd_can_connect_ldap --> off
httpd_can_connect_mythtv --> off
httpd_can_connect_zabbix --> off
httpd_can_network_connect --> off
httpd_can_network_connect_cobbler --> off
httpd_can_network_connect_db --> off
httpd_can_network_memcache --> off
httpd_can_network_relay --> off
httpd_can_sendmail --> off
httpd_dbus_avahi --> off
httpd_dbus_sssd --> off
httpd_dontaudit_search_dirs --> off
httpd_enable_cgi --> on
httpd_enable_ftp_server --> off
httpd_enable_homedirs --> off
...
# setsebool -P httpd_enable_homedirs on
http://172.31.145.99/~kk1/
This page is on /home/kk1/public_html...
-----------------------------
----------------------------- VirtualHost 虛擬主機 -----------------------------
-----------------------------
# dnf -y install httpd
# systemctl start httpd.service
# systemctl enable httpd.service
# systemctl status httpd.service
# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http
success
# firewall-cmd --reload
success
http://172.31.145.99/
# mkdir /var/www/asus
# vi /var/www/asus/index.html
This is <h1>Asus</h1>web...
# mkdir /var/www/acer
# vi /var/www/acer/index.html
This is <h1>Acer</h1>web...
# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
...
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot /var/www/html
ServerName 172.31.145.99
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot /var/www/asus
ServerName web.asus.com.tw
</VirtualHost>
<Directory "/var/www/asus">
Options Indexes
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot /var/www/acer
ServerName web.acer.com.tw
</VirtualHost>
<Directory "/var/www/acer">
Options Indexes
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
# systemctl reload httpd.service
修改 windows10 hosts 檔
開啟記事本，以系統管理員身分執行
檔案-->開啟舊檔：C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts
新增資料：
172.31.145.99 web.asus.com.tw web.acer.com.tw
完成後-->檔案-->儲存檔案
http://web.asus.com.tw/
This is
Asus
web...
http://web.acer.com.tw/
This is
Acer
web...
???????????????????????????以下作廢
-----------------------------
----------------------------- php + MariaDB -----------------------------
-----------------------------
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
# dnf -y install httpd
# systemctl start httpd.service
# systemctl enable httpd.service
# systemctl status httpd.service
# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http
# firewall-cmd --reload
http://172.31.145.99/
# dnf -y install php
# dnf list installed | grep php
php.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-cli.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-common.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-fpm.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
# rpm -qa | grep php
php-cli-7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66.x86_64
php-fpm-7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66.x86_64
php-common-7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66.x86_64
php-7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66.x86_64
# ls /usr/sbin | grep php
php-fpm
# ls /usr/lib/systemd/system | grep php
php-fpm.service
# systemctl | grep php
php-fpm.service
# ls /etc/php.ini
/etc/php.ini
# systemctl restart httpd.service
# vi /var/www/html/test.php
<?php
phpinfo();
php?>
http://172.31.145.99/test.php
++++++++++++++++++++++ MariaDB ++++++++++++++++
# dnf -y install httpd
# systemctl start httpd.service
# systemctl enable httpd.service
# systemctl status httpd.service
# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http
# firewall-cmd --reload
http://172.31.145.99/
# dnf -y install php
# systemctl restart httpd.service
# vi /var/www/html/test.php
<?php
echo "kk";
phpinfo();
?>
http://192.168.1.100/test.php
# dnf list | grep mariadb
mariadb.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 AppStream
...
mariadb-server.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 AppStream
...
# dnf -y install mariadb-server
# dnf list installed | grep mariadb
mariadb.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-backup.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-common.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-connector-c.x86_64 3.0.7-1.el8 @AppStream
mariadb-connector-c-config.noarch 3.0.7-1.el8 @AppStream
mariadb-errmsg.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-gssapi-server.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-server.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-server-utils.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-server-utils-10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6.x86_64
mariadb-connector-c-config-3.0.7-1.el8.noarch
mariadb-connector-c-3.0.7-1.el8.x86_64
mariadb-errmsg-10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6.x86_64
mariadb-gssapi-server-10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6.x86_64
mariadb-server-10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6.x86_64
mariadb-common-10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6.x86_64
mariadb-backup-10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6.x86_64
mariadb-10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6.x86_64
# ls /usr/lib/systemd/system | grep mariadb
mariadb@bootstrap.service.d
mariadb.service
mariadb@.service
# systemctl start mariadb.service
# systemctl enable mariadb.service
# systemctl status mariadb.service
# systemctl is-active mariadb.service
active
# mysqladmin -u root password db123456
# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
> select @@datadir;
+-----------------+
| @@datadir |
+-----------------+
| /var/lib/mysql/ |
+-----------------+
--------------- 伺服器字元集 character set 和連線校對 collaction -------------
> show variables like 'character_set_server';
+----------------------+--------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+--------+
| character_set_server | latin1 |
+----------------------+--------+
> set character_set_server='utf8';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
> show variables like 'character_set_server';
+----------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------+
| character_set_server | utf8 |
+----------------------+-------+
> show variables like 'collation_server';
+------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------+-----------------+
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+------------------+-----------------+
> set collation_server='utf8_unicode_ci';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
> show variables like 'collation_server';
+------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------+-----------------+
| collation_server | utf8_unicode_ci |
+------------------+-----------------+
--------------- 資料庫字元集 character set 和連線校對 collaction -------------
> show variables like 'character_set_database';
+------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------------+--------+
| character_set_database | latin1 |
+------------------------+--------+
> set character_set_database='utf8';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
> show variables like 'character_set_database';
+------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------------+-------+
| character_set_database | utf8 |
+------------------------+-------+
> show variables like 'collation_database';
+--------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------+-----------------+
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
+--------------------+-----------------+
> set collation_database='utf8_unicode_ci';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
> show variables like 'collation_database';
+--------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------+-----------------+
| collation_database | utf8_unicode_ci |
+--------------------+-----------------+
> show variables like '%database';
+------------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------------+-----------------+
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| collation_database | utf8_unicode_ci |
| skip_show_database | OFF |
+------------------------+-----------------+
> create database testdb character set='utf8' collate='utf8_unicode_ci';
> show variables like '%database';
+------------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------------+-------------------+
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |
| skip_show_database | OFF |
+------------------------+-------------------+
> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| testdb |
+--------------------+
> use testdb;
> create table tblmen (mid int primary key auto_increment, na varchar(20), accnt varchar(20), pwd varchar(20));
> show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_testdb |
+------------------+
| tblmen |
+------------------+
> describe tblmen;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| mid | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| na | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| accnt | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| pwd | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
> show create table tblmen \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: tblmen
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `tblmen` (
`mid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`na` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`accnt` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`pwd` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`mid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci
> insert into tblmen values(1,'蔡英九','act1','pwd1'); //AUTO_INCREMENT
> select * from tblmen;
+-----+-----------+-------+------+
| mid | na | accnt | pwd |
+-----+-----------+-------+------+
| 1 | 蔡英九 | act1 | pwd1 |
+-----+-----------+-------+------+
//Table 匯出 文字檔
> select * into outfile 'tblmen.txt' from tblmen;
//離開 MariaDB
# ls /var/lib/mysql/testdb
db.opt tblmen.frm tblmen.ibd tblmen.txt
# cat /var/lib/mysql/testdb/tblmen.txt
1 蔡英九 act1 pwd1
注意！PHP7已經不支援MySQL系列函數，而是改用MySQLi，或者PDO物件。
display_errors = On
# ls /var/log
anaconda dnf.librepo.log firewalld lastlog private wtmp
audit dnf.log hawkey.log mariadb sssd
btmp dnf.rpm.log httpd php-fpm tuned
# ls /var/log/php-fpm
error.log www-error.log
# tail -1 /var/log/php-fpm/error.log
[20-Dec-2020 09:07:12] NOTICE: systemd monitor interval set to 10000ms
# tail -1 /var/log/php-fpm/www-error.log
thrown in /var/www/html/0.php on line 2
# ls /var/log/httpd
access_log error_log
# tail -1 /var/log/httpd/access_log
192.168.1.104 - - [20/Dec/2020:10:41:57 +0800] "-" 408 - "-" "-"
# tail -1 /var/log/httpd/error_log
[Sun Dec 20 08:59:24.949687 2020] [core:notice] [pid 11417:tid 140192777812288] AH00094: Command line: '/usr/sbin/httpd -D FOREGROUND'
# ls /var/log/mariadb
mariadb.log
# tail -1 /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
Version: '10.3.17-MariaDB' socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' port: 3306 MariaDB Server
<?php
ini_set("display_errors","On");
error_reporting(E_ALL);
$con= mysql('localhost','root','db123456','testdb');
if (mysqli_cinnect_error()){
echo "錯誤：".mysqli_connect_error()."<br>";
}
?>
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ php
# dnf list | grep php
php.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-bcmath.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-cli.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-common.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-dba.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-dbg.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-devel.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-embedded.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-enchant.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-fpm.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-gd.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-gmp.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-intl.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-json.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-ldap.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-mbstring.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-mysqlnd.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-odbc.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-opcache.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-pdo.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-pear.noarch 1:1.10.5-9.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-pecl-apcu.x86_64 5.1.12-2.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-pecl-apcu-devel.x86_64 5.1.12-2.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-pecl-zip.x86_64 1.15.3-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-pgsql.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-process.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-recode.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-snmp.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-soap.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-xml.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-xmlrpc.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
# dnf -y install php php-fpm php-gd php-mbstring php-mysqlnd
# dnf list installed | grep php
php.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-cli.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-common.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-fpm.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-gd.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-mbstring.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-mysqlnd.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-pdo.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
# dnf list installed | grep php
# rpm -qa | grep php
# ls /usr/sbin | grep php
php-fpm
# ls /usr/lib/systemd/system | grep php
php-fpm.service
# systemctl | grep php
php-fpm.service
# ls /etc/php.ini
/etc/php.ini
# vi /var/www/html/0.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
# dnf -y install mariadb mariadb-server
# dnf list installed | grep mariadb
mariadb.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-backup.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-common.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-connector-c.x86_64 3.0.7-1.el8 @AppStream
mariadb-connector-c-config.noarch 3.0.7-1.el8 @AppStream
mariadb-errmsg.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-gssapi-server.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-server.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-server-utils.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
# systemctl start mariadb
# systemctl enable mariadb
# vi /etc/php.ini
...
extension=mysqli
...
# systemctl restart httpd
or
# systemctl restart php-fpm
# vi /var/www/html/1.php
<?php
ini_set("display_errors","On");
error_reporting(E_ALL);
$con= mysqli_connect('localhost','root','db123456','testdb');
echo $kk;
?>
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
# systemctl status httpd
# systemctl status php-fpm
# systemctl status mariadb
<?php
$host = 'localhost';
$db = 'testdb';
$user = 'root';
$pwd = 'db123456';
$link=new pdo("mysql:host=$host;dbname=$db", $user, $pwd);
?>
-----------------------------------------------------------
# vi /var/www/html/list.php
<?php
$host = 'localhost';
$db = 'testdb';
$user = 'root';
$pwd = 'db123456';
$db_link=new pdo("mysql:host=$host;dbname=$db", $user, $pwd);
$db_link->exec("set character set utf8");
$rt=$db_link->query("select * from tblmen");
$rows=$rt->fetch();
?>
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<h1 align="center">學生系統</h1>
<p align="center"><a href="add.php">新增學生資料</a> <a href="query.php">查詢學生資料</a></p>
<table border=1 align="center">
<tr><td>編號</td><td>名字</td><td>帳號</td><td>密碼</td></tr>
<?php
while (!empty($rows)){
echo "<tr>";
echo "<td>".$rows["mid"]."</td>";
echo "<td>".$rows["na"]."</td>";
echo "<td>".$rows["accnt"]."</td>";
echo "<td>".$rows["pwd"]."</td>";
echo "<td><a href='update.php?mid=".$rows["mid"]."'>修改</a></td>";
echo "<td><a href='delete.php?mid=".$rows["mid"]."'>刪除</a></td>";
echo "</tr>";
$rows=$rt->fetch();
}
$db_link=null;
?>
</table>
</body>
</html>
-----------------------------------------------------------
# vi /var/www/html/add.php
<?php
if ($_POST["act"]=="add"){
$host = 'localhost';
$db = 'testdb';
$user = 'root';
$pwd = 'db123456';
$db_link=new pdo("mysql:host=$host;dbname=$db", $user, $pwd);
$db_link->exec("set character set utf8");
$rt=$db_link->query("INSERT INTO `tblmen`(`mid`, `na`, `accnt`, `pwd`) VALUES ('".$_POST["mid"]."','".$_POST["na"]."','".$_POST["accnt"]."','".$_POST["pwd"]."')");
header("Location:list.php");
}
?>
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<h1 align="center">新增資料</h1>
<p align="center"><a href="list.php">返回主畫面</a></p>
<form action="" method="post" name="formAdd">
<table align="center">
<tr><td>編號</td><td><input type="text" name="mid"></td></tr>
<tr><td>名字</td><td><input type="text" name="na"></td></tr>
<tr><td>帳號</td><td><input type="text" name="accnt"></td></tr>
<tr><td>密碼</td><td><input type="text" name="pwd"></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>
<input type="hidden" value="add" name="act">
<input type="submit" value="新增" name="ok">
<input type="reset" value="清除" name="erase">
</td></tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
-----------------------------------------------------------
# vi /var/www/html/update.php
<?php
$host = 'localhost';
$db = 'testdb';
$user = 'root';
$pwd = 'db123456';
$db_link=new pdo("mysql:host=$host;dbname=$db", $user, $pwd);
$db_link->exec("set character set utf8");
if ($_POST["act"]=="update"){
$str="update tblmen set na='".$_POST["na"]."',accnt='".$_POST["accnt"]."',pwd='".$_POST["pwd"]."' where mid =".$_POST["mid"];
header("Location:list.php");
}
else{
$str="select * from tblmen where mid=".$_GET["mid"];
}
$rt=$db_link->query($str);
$rows=$rt->fetch();
?>
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<h1 align="center">修改資料</h1>
<p align="center"><a href="list.php">返回主畫面</a></p>
<form action="" method="post" name="formUpdate">
<table align="center">
<tr><td>編號</td><td><input type="text" name="mid" value="<?php echo $rows["mid"]; ?>" disabled></td></tr>
<tr><td>名字</td><td><input type="text" name="na" value="<?php echo $rows["na"]; ?>"></td></tr>
<tr><td>帳號</td><td><input type="text" name="accnt" value="<?php echo $rows["accnt"]; ?>"></td></tr>
<tr><td>密碼</td><td><input type="text" name="pwd" value="<?php echo $rows["pwd"]; ?>"></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>
<input type="hidden" value="<?php echo $rows["mid"]; ?>" name="mid">
<input type="hidden" value="update" name="act">
<input type="submit" value="更新" name="ok">
<input type="reset" value="清除" name="erase">
</td></tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
-----------------------------------------------------------
# vi /var/www/html/query.php
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<h1 align="center">會員查詢</h1>
<p align="center"><a href="list.php">返回主畫面</a></p>
<form action="" method="post" name="formQuery">
<table align="center">
<tr><td>姓名</td><td><input type="text" name="na"></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>
<input type="hidden" value="query" name="act">
<input type="submit" value="查詢" name="ok">
</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>編號</td><td>姓名</td><td>帳號</td><td>密碼</td></tr>
<?php
if ($_POST["act"]=="query"){
$db_link=mysql_connect("localhost","root","db123456");
mysql_query("SET NAMES 'utf8'");
$db_sel=mysql_select_db("kkdb");
$str_sel="SELECT * FROM `tblmen` WHERE `na` LIKE '%".$_POST["na"]."%'";
//echo $str_sel;
$result=mysql_query($str_sel);
$data_cnt=mysql_num_rows($result);
if ($data_cnt!=0){
while ($tbl_rows=mysql_fetch_assoc($result)){
echo "<tr>";
echo "<td>".$tbl_rows["mid"]."</td>";
echo "<td>".$tbl_rows["na"]."</td>";
echo "<td>".$tbl_rows["accnt"]."</td>";
echo "<td>".$tbl_rows["pwd"]."</td>";
echo "</tr>";
}
}
}
?>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
=========================
vi /var/www/html/query.php
<?php
ini_set("display_errors","On");
error_reporting(E_ALL);
if ($_POST["act"]=="query"){
$host = 'localhost';
$db = 'testdb';
$user = 'root';
$pwd = 'db123456';
$db_link=new pdo("mysql:host=$host;dbname=$db", $user, $pwd);
$db_link->exec("set character set utf8");
$rt=$db_link->query("SELECT * FROM `tblmen` WHERE `na` LIKE '%".$_POST["na"]."%'");
$data_cnt=mysqli_num_rows($rt);
if ($data_cnt!=0){
while ($rows=mysqli_fetch_assoc($rt)){
echo "<tr>";
echo "<td>".$rows["mid"]."</td>";
echo "<td>".$rows["na"]."</td>";
echo "<td>".$rows["accnt"]."</td>";
echo "<td>".$rows["pwd"]."</td>";
echo "</tr>";
}
}
}
?>
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<h1 align="center">會員查詢</h1>
<p align="center"><a href="list.php">返回主畫面</a></p>
<form action="" method="post" name="formQuery">
<table align="center">
<tr><td>姓名</td><td><input type="text" name="na"></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>
<input type="hidden" value="query" name="act">
<input type="submit" value="查詢" name="ok">
</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>編號</td><td>姓名</td><td>帳號</td><td>密碼</td></tr>
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++12/23
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
# dnf -y install httpd
# systemctl start httpd
# systemctl enable httpd
# systemctl status httpd
# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http
# firewall-cmd --reload
http://172.31.145.99/
# dnf list | grep php
# dnf -y install php php-fpm php-gd php-mbstring php-mysqlnd
# dnf list installed | grep php
php.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-cli.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-common.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-fpm.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-gd.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-mbstring.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-mysqlnd.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-pdo.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
# dnf list installed | grep php
# rpm -qa | grep php
# ls /usr/sbin | grep php
php-fpm
# ls /usr/lib/systemd/system | grep php
php-fpm.service
# systemctl | grep php
php-fpm.service
# ls /etc/php.ini
/etc/php.ini
# systemctl restart httpd
# vi /var/www/html/0.php
<?php
ini_set("display_errors","On");
//
# vi /etc/php.ini
...
display_errors = On
...
# systemctl restart httpd
無效!!!!!!
//
echo "kk<br>";
echo "瀏覽器中文編碼是否正常？<br>";
$sid="s01";
$str1="select * from tblmen where sid='".$sid."'";
$str2="select * from tblmen where sid='$sid'"; //php 字串以雙引號包起來，單引號會解析出其內容
echo $str1."<br>";
echo $str2."<br>";
echo $str3;
phpinfo();
?>
http://172.31.145.99/0.php
kk
編碼是否正常？
select * from tblmen where sid='s01'
select * from tblmen where sid='s01'
Notice: Undefined variable: str3 in /var/www/html/1.php on line 15
...
//刪除編輯錯誤時所產生的暫存檔
# rm -rf /var/www/html/.1.php.swp
# dnf list | grep mariadb
mariadb.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 AppStream
mariadb-backup.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 AppStream
mariadb-common.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 AppStream
mariadb-connector-c.i686 3.0.7-1.el8 AppStream
mariadb-connector-c.x86_64 3.0.7-1.el8 AppStream
mariadb-connector-c-config.noarch 3.0.7-1.el8 AppStream
mariadb-connector-c-devel.i686 3.0.7-1.el8 AppStream
mariadb-connector-c-devel.x86_64 3.0.7-1.el8 AppStream
mariadb-connector-odbc.x86_64 3.0.7-1.el8 AppStream
mariadb-devel.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 AppStream
mariadb-embedded.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 AppStream
mariadb-embedded-devel.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 AppStream
mariadb-errmsg.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 AppStream
mariadb-gssapi-server.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 AppStream
mariadb-java-client.noarch 2.2.5-3.el8 AppStream
mariadb-oqgraph-engine.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 AppStream
mariadb-server.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 AppStream
mariadb-server-galera.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 AppStream
mariadb-server-utils.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 AppStream
mariadb-test.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 AppStream
# dnf -y install mariadb-server
# dnf list installed | grep mariadb
mariadb.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-backup.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-common.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-connector-c.x86_64 3.0.7-1.el8 @AppStream
mariadb-connector-c-config.noarch 3.0.7-1.el8 @AppStream
mariadb-errmsg.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-gssapi-server.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-server.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-server-utils.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
# systemctl start mariadb
# systemctl enable mariadb
# systemctl status mariadb
# mysqladmin -u root password db123456
# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
MariaDB [(none)]> select @@datadir;
+-----------------+
| @@datadir |
+-----------------+
| /var/lib/mysql/ |
+-----------------+
--------------- 資料庫字元集 character set 和連線校對 collaction -------------
MariaDB [(none)]> set character_set_database='utf8';
MariaDB [(none)]> set collation_database='utf8_unicode_ci';
MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%database';
+------------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------------+-----------------+
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| collation_database | utf8_unicode_ci |
| skip_show_database | OFF |
+------------------------+-----------------+
MariaDB [(none)]> create database kkdb;
MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%database';
+------------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------------+-----------------+
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| collation_database | utf8_unicode_ci |
| skip_show_database | OFF |
+------------------------+-----------------+
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| kkdb |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
MariaDB [(none)]> show create database kkdb \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Database: kkdb
Create Database: CREATE DATABASE `kkdb` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */
1 row in set (0.000 sec)
ERROR: No query specified
MariaDB [(none)]> use kkdb;
Database changed
MariaDB [kkdb]> create table tblmen (mid int primary key auto_increment, na varchar(20), accnt varchar(20), pwd varchar(20));
MariaDB [kkdb]> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_kkdb |
+----------------+
| tblmen |
+----------------+
MariaDB [kkdb]> describe tblmen;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| mid | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| na | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| accnt | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| pwd | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
MariaDB [kkdb]> show create table tblmen \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: tblmen
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `tblmen` (
`mid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`na` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`accnt` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`pwd` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`mid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
?????? 如此作法有問題........
--------------- 以上 資料庫字元集 character set 和連線校對 collaction -------------
//移除重裝
# dnf list installed | grep mariadb
//沒效，原產生資料庫還在
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
# dnf -y install mariadb-server
# dnf list installed | grep mariadb
mariadb.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-backup.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-common.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-connector-c.x86_64 3.0.7-1.el8 @AppStream
mariadb-connector-c-config.noarch 3.0.7-1.el8 @AppStream
mariadb-errmsg.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-gssapi-server.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-server.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-server-utils.x86_64 3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
# systemctl start mariadb
# systemctl enable mariadb
# systemctl status mariadb
# mysqladmin -u root password db123456
# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
MariaDB [(none)]> select @@datadir;
+-----------------+
| @@datadir |
+-----------------+
| /var/lib/mysql/ |
+-----------------+
MariaDB [(none)]> create database kkdb character set='utf8' collate='utf8_unicode_ci';
MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%database';
+------------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------------+-------------------+
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |
| skip_show_database | OFF |
+------------------------+-------------------+
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| kkdb |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
MariaDB [(none)]> use kkdb;
Database changed
MariaDB [kkdb]> create table tblmen (mid int primary key auto_increment, na varchar(20), accnt varchar(20), pwd varchar(20));
MariaDB [kkdb]> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_kkdb |
+----------------+
| tblmen |
+----------------+
MariaDB [kkdb]> describe tblmen;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| mid | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| na | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| accnt | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| pwd | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
MariaDB [kkdb]> show create table tblmen \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: tblmen
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `tblmen` (
`mid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`na` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`accnt` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`pwd` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`mid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci
MariaDB [kkdb]> insert into tblmen values(1,'蔡英九','act1','pwd1'); //AUTO_INCREMENT 無效
MariaDB [kkdb]> insert into tblmen (na,accnt,pwd) values('關羽','act5','pwd5'); //ok!
MariaDB [kkdb]> select * from tblmen;
+-----+-----------+-------+------+
| mid | na | accnt | pwd |
+-----+-----------+-------+------+
| 1 | 蔡英九 | act1 | pwd1 |
+-----+-----------+-------+------+
MariaDB [kkdb]> select * into outfile 'tblmen.txt' from tblmen;
MariaDB [kkdb]> Ctrl-C -- exit!
Aborted
# cat /var/lib/mysql/kkdb/tblmen.txt
1 蔡英九 act1 pwd1
===========================
# vi /var/www/html/LinkServer.php
<?php
$host = 'localhost';
$db = 'kkdb';
$user = 'root';
$pwd = 'db123456';
$db_link=new pdo("mysql:host=$host;dbname=$db", $user, $pwd);
$db_link->exec("set character set utf8");
?>
===========================
# vi /var/www/html/list.php
<?php
include("LinkServer.php");
$rt=$db_link->query("select * from tblmen");
$rows=$rt->fetch();
?>
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<h1 align="center">學生系統</h1>
<p align="center"><a href="add.php">新增學生資料</a> <a href="query.php">查詢學生資料</a></p>
<table border=1 align="center">
<tr><td>編號</td><td>名字</td><td>帳號</td><td>密碼</td></tr>
<?php
while (!empty($rows)){
echo "<tr>";
echo "<td>".$rows["mid"]."</td>";
echo "<td>".$rows["na"]."</td>";
echo "<td>".$rows["accnt"]."</td>";
echo "<td>".$rows["pwd"]."</td>";
echo "<td><a href='update.php?mid=".$rows["mid"]."'>修改</a></td>";
echo "<td><a href='delete.php?mid=".$rows["mid"]."'>刪除</a></td>";
echo "</tr>";
$rows=$rt->fetch();
}
$db_link=null;
?>
</table>
</body>
</html>
===========================
# vi /var/www/html/add.php
<?php
if ($_POST["act"]=="add"){
include("LinkServer.php");
$rt=$db_link->query("INSERT INTO `tblmen`(`mid`, `na`, `accnt`, `pwd`) VALUES ('".$_POST["mid"]."','".$_POST["na"]."','".$_POST["accnt"]."','".$_POST["pwd"]."')");
header("Location:list.php");
}
?>
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<h1 align="center">新增資料</h1>
<p align="center"><a href="list.php">返回主畫面</a></p>
<form action="" method="post" name="formAdd">
<table align="center">
<tr><td>編號</td><td><input type="text" name="mid"></td></tr>
<tr><td>名字</td><td><input type="text" name="na"></td></tr>
<tr><td>帳號</td><td><input type="text" name="accnt"></td></tr>
<tr><td>密碼</td><td><input type="text" name="pwd"></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>
<input type="hidden" value="add" name="act">
<input type="submit" value="新增" name="ok">
<input type="reset" value="清除" name="erase">
</td></tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
===========================
# vi /var/www/html/update.php
<?php
include("LinkServer.php");
if ($_POST["act"]=="update"){
$str="update tblmen set na='".$_POST["na"]."',accnt='".$_POST["accnt"]."',pwd='".$_POST["pwd"]."' where mid =".$_POST["mid"];
header("Location:list.php");
}
else{
$str="select * from tblmen where mid=".$_GET["mid"];
}
$rt=$db_link->query($str);
$rows=$rt->fetch();
?>
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<h1 align="center">修改資料</h1>
<p align="center"><a href="list.php">返回主畫面</a></p>
<form action="" method="post" name="formUpdate">
<table align="center">
<tr><td>編號</td><td><input type="text" name="mid" value="<?php echo $rows["mid"]; ?>" disabled></td></tr>
<tr><td>名字</td><td><input type="text" name="na" value="<?php echo $rows["na"]; ?>"></td></tr>
<tr><td>帳號</td><td><input type="text" name="accnt" value="<?php echo $rows["accnt"]; ?>"></td></tr>
<tr><td>密碼</td><td><input type="text" name="pwd" value="<?php echo $rows["pwd"]; ?>"></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>
<input type="hidden" value="<?php echo $rows["mid"]; ?>" name="mid">
<input type="hidden" value="update" name="act">
<input type="submit" value="更新" name="ok">
<input type="reset" value="清除" name="erase">
</td></tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
===========================
#vi /var/www/html/query.php
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<h1 align="center">會員查詢</h1>
<p align="center"><a href="list.php">返回主畫面</a></p>
<form action="" method="post" name="formQuery">
<table align="center">
<tr><td>姓名</td><td><input type="text" name="na"></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>
<input type="hidden" value="query" name="act">
<input type="submit" value="查詢" name="ok">
</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</table>
<?php
if($_POST["act"]=="query"){
include("LinkServer.php");
$rt=$db_link->query("select * from tblmen where na LIKE '%".$_POST["na"]."%'");
$rows=$rt->fetch();
echo "<table align='center' >";
echo "<tr><td>編號</td><td>名字</td><td>帳號</td><td>密碼</td></tr>";
echo "<tr><td>".$rows["mid"]."</td><td>".$rows["na"]."</td><td>".$rows["accnt"]."</td><td>".$rows["pwd"]."</td></tr>";
echo "</table>";
}
?>
</form>
</body>
</html>
===========================
# vi /var/www/html/delete.php
<?php
include("LinkServer.php");
$rt=$db_link->query("delete from tblmen where mid ='".$_GET["mid"]."'");
?>
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<h1 align="center">資料刪除完畢！</h1>
<p align="center"><a href="list.php">返回主畫面</a></p>
</body>
</html>
===========================
# vi /var/www/html/index.php
<?php
if ($_POST["act"]=="login"){
include("LinkServer.php");
$rt=$db_link->query("select * from tblmen where accnt ='".$_POST["accnt"]."' and pwd ='".$_POST["pwd"]."'");
$data_cnt=$rt->rowCount();
if ($data_cnt==1){
header("Location:list.php");
}else{
header("Location:index.php");
}
}
?>
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<h1 align="center">會員登入</h1>
<form action="" method="post" name="formAdd">
<table align="center">
<tr><td>帳號</td><td><input type="text" name="accnt"></td></tr>
<tr><td>密碼</td><td><input type="text" name="pwd"></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>
<input type="hidden" value="login" name="act">
<input type="submit" value="登入" name="ok">
</td></tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
===========================
//欄位分隔符號，預設"\t"
//每行結束符號，預設"\n"
MariaDB [kkdb]> select * from tblmen into outfile 'tblmen.txt';
# cat /var/lib/mysql/kkdb/tblmen.txt
1 蔡英九 act1 pwd1
2 蘇太多 act2 pwd2
3 陳偉 act3 pwd3
4 趙少主 act44 pwd44
# vi /var/lib/mysql/kkdb/tblmen.txt
1 蔡英九 act1 pwd1
2 蘇太多 act2 pwd2
3 陳偉 act3 pwd3
4 趙少主 act44 pwd44
5 王政正 act5 pwd5
6 韓國仁 act6 pwd6
MariaDB [kkdb]> delet from tblmen;
MariaDB [kkdb]> load data infile 'tblmen.txt' into table tblmen;
MariaDB [kkdb]> select * from tblmen;
+-----+-----------+-------+-------+
| mid | na | accnt | pwd |
+-----+-----------+-------+-------+
| 1 | 蔡英九 | act1 | pwd1 |
| 2 | 蘇太多 | act2 | pwd2 |
| 3 | 陳偉 | act3 | pwd3 |
| 4 | 趙少主 | act44 | pwd44 |
| 5 | 王政正 | act5 | pwd5 |
| 6 | 韓國仁 | act6 | pwd6 |
+-----+-----------+-------+-------+
//備份資料庫，沒寫 table 代表全部 database
# mysqldump -u root -p kkdb > kkdb.bk.sql
Enter password:
# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg kkdb.bk.sql
//刪除database
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| kkdb |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
MariaDB [(none)]> drop database kkdb;
ERROR 1010 (HY000): Error dropping database (can't rmdir './kkdb', errno: 39 "Directory not empty")
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| kkdb |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
MariaDB [(none)]> use kkdb;
MariaDB [kkdb]> show tables;
Empty set (0.000 sec)
?????database 還在 但 table 已刪除
?????因為 在var/lib/mysql/kkdb/ 有曾經匯出的 table 資料
# ls /var/lib/mysql/kkdb/tblmen.txt
/var/lib/mysql/kkdb/tblmen.txt
# rm /var/lib/mysql/kkdb/tblmen.txt
rm：是否移除普通檔案'/var/lib/mysql/kkdb/tblmen.txt'? y
?????刪除在var/lib/mysql/kkdb/ 曾經匯出的 table 資料 即可完整刪除database
MariaDB [(none)]> drop database kkdb;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
# ls /var/lib/mysql/kkdb
ls: 無法存取 '/var/lib/mysql/kkdb': No such file or directory
//資料庫還原
//先建立空資料庫
MariaDB [(none)]> create database kkdb character set='utf8' collate='utf8_unicode_ci';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| kkdb |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
//還原
# mysql -u root -p kkdb < kkdb.bk.sql
Enter password:
# ls /var/lib/mysql/kkdb
db.opt tblmen.frm tblmen.ibd
MariaDB [(none)]> use kkdb;
MariaDB [kkdb]> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_kkdb |
+----------------+
| tblmen |
+----------------+
MariaDB [kkdb]> select * from tblmen;
+-----+-----------+-------+-------+
| mid | na | accnt | pwd |
+-----+-----------+-------+-------+
| 1 | 蔡英九 | act1 | pwd1 |
| 2 | 蘇太多 | act2 | pwd2 |
| 3 | 陳偉 | act3 | pwd3 |
| 4 | 趙少主 | act44 | pwd44 |
| 5 | 王政正 | act5 | pwd5 |
| 6 | 韓國仁 | act6 | pwd6 |
+-----+-----------+-------+-------+
-----------------------------------------------------------
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