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2020年12月29日 星期二

CentOS8 samba








# dnf list | grep samba
centos-release-samba411.noarch 1.0-1.el8 extras
centos-release-samba412.noarch 1.0-1.el8 extras
centos-release-samba413.noarch 1.0-1.el8 extras
ipa-client-samba.x86_64 4.8.7-12.module_el8.3.0+514+e7703106 AppStream
pcp-pmda-samba.x86_64 5.1.1-3.el8 AppStream
python3-samba.i686 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS
python3-samba.x86_64 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS
python3-samba-test.x86_64 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS
smba.x86_64 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS
samba-client.x86_64 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS
samba-client-libs.i686 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS
samba-client-libs.x86_64 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS
samba-common.noarch 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS
samba-common-libs.x86_64 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS
samba-common-tools.x86_64 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS
samba-krb5-printing.x86_64 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS
samba-libs.i686 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS
samba-libs.x86_64 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS
samba-pidl.noarch 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS
samba-test.x86_64 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS
samba-test-libs.x86_64 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS
samba-winbind.x86_64 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS
samba-winbind-clients.x86_64 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS
samba-winbind-krb5-locator.x86_64 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS
samba-winbind-modules.i686 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS
samba-winbind-modules.x86_64 4.12.3-12.el8.3 BaseOS


# dnf -y install samba

# dnf list installed | grep samba
samba.x86_64                                     4.12.3-12.el8.3                  @BaseOS
samba-client-libs.x86_64                    4.12.3-12.el8.3                  @BaseOS
samba-common.noarch                       4.12.3-12.el8.3                  @BaseOS
samba-common-libs.x86_64               4.12.3-12.el8.3                  @BaseOS
samba-common-tools.x86_64             4.12.3-12.el8.3                  @BaseOS
samba-libs.x86_64                               4.12.3-12.el8.3                  @BaseOS

# rpm -qa | grep samba
samba-common-libs-4.12.3-12.el8.3.x86_64
samba-libs-4.12.3-12.el8.3.x86_64
samba-4.12.3-12.el8.3.x86_64
samba-common-4.12.3-12.el8.3.noarch
samba-client-libs-4.12.3-12.el8.3.x86_64
samba-common-tools-4.12.3-12.el8.3.x86_64

# ls /usr/lib/systemd/system | grep smb
smb.service

# ls /etc/samba/
lmhosts  smb.conf  smb.conf.example


# systemctl start smb.service
# systemctl enable smb.service
# systemctl status smb.service

# systemctl | grep smb
smb.service         

# ps -aux | grep smb
root        9829  0.0  0.6 443180 26360 ?        Ss   23:05   0:00 /usr/sbin/smbd --foregroun d --no-process-group
root        9831  0.0  0.3 415524 12100 ?        S    23:05   0:00 /usr/sbin/smbd --foregroun d --no-process-group
root        9832  0.0  0.1 415516  4768 ?        S    23:05   0:00 /usr/sbin/smbd --foregroun d --no-process-group
root        9833  0.0  0.3 443180 12476 ?        S    23:05   0:00 /usr/sbin/smbd --foregroun d --no-process-group
root        9866  0.0  0.0 221896  1084 pts/0    R+   23:12   0:00 grep --color=auto smb


# ls /var/log/samba/
cores  log.smbd  old

# tail -5 /var/log/samba/log.smbd
[2021/01/02 09:28:40.606934,  0] ../../source3/smbd/server.c:1782(main)
  smbd version 4.12.3 started.
  Copyright Andrew Tridgell and the Samba Team 1992-2020
[2021/01/02 09:28:40.634023,  0] ../../lib/util/become_daemon.c:136(daemon_ready)
  daemon_ready: daemon 'smbd' finished starting up and ready to serve connections


# firewall-cmd --get-services | grep samba
...
salt-master samba samba-clien t samba-dc sane sip sips slp smtp smtp-submission smtps snmp snmptrap spideroak-lansync spoti
...

# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=samba

# firewall-cmd --reload

# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-all
...
services: cockpit dhcpv6-client samba ssh
...


# getsebool -a | grep samba
samba_create_home_dirs --> off
samba_domain_controller --> off
samba_enable_home_dirs --> off
...

# setsebool -P samba_enable_home_dirs on        //分享預設的主目錄

# getsebool -a | grep samba
samba_create_home_dirs --> off
samba_domain_controller --> off
samba_enable_home_dirs --> on
...







---------------------------------------------user 存取自己家目錄

# useradd s301
# passwd s301
123456


# smbpasswd -help
When run by root:
    smbpasswd [options] [username]
otherwise:
    smbpasswd [options]

options:
  -L                   local mode (must be first option)
  -h                   print this usage message
  -s                   use stdin for password prompt
  -c smb.conf file     Use the given path to the smb.conf file
  -D LEVEL             debug level
  -r MACHINE           remote machine
  -U USER              remote username (e.g. SAM/user)
extra options when run by root or in local mode:
  -a                   add user
  -d                   disable user
  -e                   enable user
  -i                   interdomain trust account
  -m                   machine trust account
  -n                   set no password
  -W                   use stdin ldap admin password
  -w PASSWORD          ldap admin password
  -x                   delete user
  -R ORDER             name resolve order


# smbpasswd -a s301
New SMB password:123456
Retype new SMB password:123456
Added user s301.


# systemctl restart smb.service

檔案總管
\\192.168.1.100

s301
123456







------------------------------------------ user 存取自己家目錄 及 建立一個所有用戶都可寫入的公用目錄

# dnf -y install samba
# systemctl start smb
# systemctl enable smb
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/smb.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/smb.service.
# systemctl status smb


# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=samba
# firewall-cmd --reload


# getsebool -a | grep samba
# setsebool -P samba_enable_home_dirs on


# useradd s301
# passwd s301
123456

# smbpasswd -a s301
New SMB password:
123456


# ls -ilZ /home
16786325 drwx------. 2 s301 s301 unconfined_u: object_r: user_home_dir_t: s0  78  1月  9 22:31 s301


\\192.168.1.100
s301
123456

/*
user 可以讀取、寫入自己家目錄
*/






# mkdir /data
# ls -ilZ /
...
17515184 drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root   unconfined_u:object_r:default_t:s0    6  1月  7 10:53 data
...
33575794 drwxrwxrwt.   7 root root       system_u:object_r:tmp_t:s0          119  1月  7 10:46 tmp
...


# chmod -R 777 /data
# chcon -t samba_share_t /data

# ls -ilZ /
...
17515184 drwxrwxrwx.   2 root root unconfined_u:object_r:samba_share_t:s0    6  1月  7 10:53 data
...



# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf
...
[data]
        comment = temporary file space    //檔案總管滑鼠靠上提示文字
        path = /data
        read only = no
        writable = yes                                // no 只能讀取不能寫入
        public = yes



# systemctl restart smb.service



\\192.168.1.100
/*
user 可以讀取、寫入自己家目錄s301 與 data 
*/






--------------------------------------------- 所有系統用戶皆能讀取，但只有super 群組成員能寫入

# dnf -y install samba

# systemctl start smb
# systemctl enable smb
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/smb.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/smb.service.
# systemctl status smb

# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=samba
# firewall-cmd --reload

# getsebool -a | grep samba
...
samba_enable_home_dirs --> off
...
# setsebool -P samba_enable_home_dirs on

/******
# man setsebool
       or false or off to disable it.

       Without  the  -P  option, only the current boolean value is affected; the boot-time
       default settings are not changed.

       If the -P option is given, all pending values are written to  the  policy  file  on
       disk. So they will be persistent across reboots.

******/



# useradd s301
# passwd s301
123456

# smbpasswd -a s301
New SMB password:
123456


\\192.168.1.100
s301
123456

/*
s301 可以讀取、寫入自己家目錄
*/



# mkdir /work

# ls -ilZ /
...
17412903 drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root unconfined_u:object_r:default_t:s0        6  1月  9 22:59  work
...




# groupadd --help
Usage: groupadd [options] GROUP

Options:
  -f, --force                   exit successfully if the group already exists,
                                and cancel -g if the GID is already used
  -g, --gid GID                 use GID for the new group
  -h, --help                    display this help message and exit
  -K, --key KEY=VALUE           override /etc/login.defs defaults
  -o, --non-unique              allow to create groups with duplicate
                                (non-unique) GID
  -p, --password PASSWORD       use this encrypted password for the new group
  -r, --system                  create a system account
  -R, --root CHROOT_DIR         directory to chroot into
  -P, --prefix PREFIX_DIR       directory prefix


# groupadd -g 3001 super

# cat /etc/group
...
s301:x:1000:
super:x:3001:



# chown -R root:super /work

# chmod 775 /work

# chcon -t samba_share_t /work


# ls -ilZ /
...
538308 drwxrwxr-x.   2 root super unconfined_u:object_r:samba_share_t:s0    6  1月 10 16:41 work
...


# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf
...
[work]
        comment = only super group can write ,others read only
        path = /work
        public = yes
        writable = yes
        printable = no
        write list = @super


# systemctl restart smb



\\192.168.1.100
s301
123456
/*
s301 可以讀取、寫入自己家目錄s301 ， work  只能讀取不能寫入
*/



# gpasswd -a s301 super
正在將使用者“s301”加入到“super”群組中

# cat /etc/group
s301:x:1000:
super:x:3001:s301


# systemctl restart smb

\\192.168.1.100\work
/*
s301 可以讀取、寫入自己家目錄s301 與 work 目錄
*/







# useradd s302
# passwd s302
123456

# smbpasswd -a s302
New SMB password:
123456


/******
Windows10：
開始--> Windows系統-->命令提示字元-->右鍵-->更多-->以系統管理員身分執行
or
執行-->cmd-->確定


C:\Windows\system32>net use ?
這個命令的語法是:

NET USE
[devicename | *] [\\computername\sharename[\volume] [password | *]]
        [/USER:[domainname\]username]
        [/USER:[dotted domain name\]username]
        [/USER:[username@dotted domain name]
        [/SMARTCARD]
        [/SAVECRED]
        [/REQUIREINTEGRITY]
        [/REQUIREPRIVACY]
        [/WRITETHROUGH]
        [[/DELETE] | [/PERSISTENT:{YES | NO}]]

NET USE {devicename | *} [password | *] /HOME

NET USE [/PERSISTENT:{YES | NO}]


C:\Windows\system32>net use \\192.168.1.100
密碼或使用者名稱不適用於 \\192.168.1.100。

輸入 '192.168.1.100' 的使用者名稱: s302
輸入 192.168.1.100 的密碼:
命令已經成功完成。

C:\Windows\system32>net use \\192.168.1.100 /delete
\\192.168.1.100 已經刪除。

似乎只能重新開機試，較正確。
******/

\\192.168.1.100
/*
s302 可以讀取、寫入自己家目錄s302 ， work  只能讀取不能寫入
*/


# gpasswd -a s302 super
正在將使用者“s302”加入到“super”群組中

# systemctl restart smb

\\192.168.1.100
/*
s302 可以讀取、寫入自己家目錄s302 與 work 目錄
*/









張貼者： 於 沒有留言:

2020年12月27日 星期日

CentOS8 php + MariaDB








-----------------------------

----------------------------- php + MariaDB -----------------------------

-----------------------------




++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ httpd
# dnf list | grep httpd
centos-logos-httpd.noarch                              85.8-2.el8                                             baseos
httpd.x86_64                                           2.4.37-43.module_el8.5.0+1022+b541f3b1                 appstream
httpd-devel.x86_64                                     2.4.37-43.module_el8.5.0+1022+b541f3b1                 appstream
httpd-filesystem.noarch                                2.4.37-43.module_el8.5.0+1022+b541f3b1                 appstream
httpd-manual.noarch                                    2.4.37-43.module_el8.5.0+1022+b541f3b1                 appstream
httpd-tools.x86_64                                     2.4.37-43.module_el8.5.0+1022+b541f3b1                 appstream
keycloak-httpd-client-install.noarch                   1.0-2.el8                                              appstream
libmicrohttpd.i686                                     1:0.9.59-2.el8                                         baseos
libmicrohttpd.x86_64                                   1:0.9.59-2.el8                                         baseos
python3-keycloak-httpd-client-install.noarch           1.0-2.el8                                              appstream


# dnf -y install httpd


# dnf list installed httpd
已安裝軟體包
httpd.x86_64                      2.4.37-43.module_el8.5.0+1022+b541f3b1  


# ls /usr/sbin | grep httpd
httpd


# ls /usr/lib/systemd/system | grep httpd
httpd.service
httpd@.service
httpd.service.d
httpd.socket
httpd.socket.d



# ls /etc/httpd/conf
httpd.conf  magic


# ls /var/www
cgi-bin  html




# systemctl start httpd
# systemctl enable httpd
# systemctl status httpd


# ps -aux | grep httpd
root        2046  0.1  0.6 282900 11596 ?        Ss   08:01   0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
apache      2047  0.0  0.4 296780  8416 ?        S    08:01   0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
apache      2048  0.0  0.6 1813320 12108 ?       Sl   08:01   0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
apache      2049  0.0  0.7 1944448 14156 ?       Sl   08:01   0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
apache      2050  0.0  0.8 1813320 16188 ?       Sl   08:01   0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
root        2285  0.0  0.0  12136  1104 pts/0    S+   08:02   0:00 grep --color=auto httpd



# firewall-cmd --get-services | grep http
...
 http https imap imaps ipp ipp-client ipsec irc ircs iscsi-target isns jenkins kadmin kdeconnect kerberos ...



#  firewall-cmd --get-zones
block dmz drop external home internal nm-shared public trusted work

#  firewall-cmd --get-active-zone
public
  interfaces: ens33


#  firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-all
public (active)
  target: default
  icmp-block-inversion: no
  interfaces: ens33
  sources:
  services: cockpit dhcpv6-client ssh
  ports:
  protocols:
  masquerade: no
  forward-ports:
  source-ports:
  icmp-blocks:
  rich rules:




# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http
# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --list-all
# firewall-cmd --reload


HostOS
http://172.31.145.99/


# vi /var/www/html/01.html
<h1>
This page is on /var/www/html...
</h1>


HostOS
http://172.31.147.99/01.html








++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++設定虛擬目錄 Alias
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////系統目錄下

# ls /
bin  boot  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var

# mkdir /opt/web

# vi /opt/web/02.html
<h1>
This page is on /opt/web...
</h1>


# ls -l /
總計 24
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root    7 11月  3  2020 bin -> usr/bin
dr-xr-xr-x.   5 root root 4096 10月 15 19:23 boot
drwxr-xr-x.  20 root root 3120  1月  5 07:48 dev
drwxr-xr-x.  84 root root 8192  1月  5 07:55 etc
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root    6  1月  4 16:07 home
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root    7 11月  3  2020 lib -> usr/lib
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root    9 11月  3  2020 lib64 -> usr/lib64
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root    6 11月  3  2020 media
drwxr-xr-x.   3 root root   18 10月 15 19:02 mnt
drwxr-xr-x.   3 root root   17  1月  5 08:22 opt
dr-xr-xr-x. 164 root root    0  1月  5 07:48 proc
dr-xr-x---.   2 root root  135 10月 15 19:36 root
drwxr-xr-x.  26 root root  740  1月  5 07:55 run
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root    8 11月  3  2020 sbin -> usr/sbin
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root    6 11月  3  2020 srv
dr-xr-xr-x.  13 root root    0  1月  5 07:48 sys
drwxrwxrwt.  13 root root 4096  1月  5 08:01 tmp
drwxr-xr-x.  12 root root  144 10月 15 19:01 usr
drwxr-xr-x.  21 root root 4096  1月  5 07:55 var


# ls -l /opt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 21  1月  5 08:25 web


# ls -l /opt/web
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 40  1月  5 08:23 02.html


# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
...            //最後加上
Alias /opt_web /opt/web
<Directory /opt/web>
        Require all granted
</Directory>   


# systemctl restart httpd.service



http://172.31.147.99/opt_web/02.html
This page is on /opt/web...






//////////////////////////////////////////////////////// home目錄下

# mkdir /home/web

# vi /home/web/03.html

<h1>
This page is on /home/web...
</h1>



# ls -l /
...
drwxr-xr-x.   3 root root   17  1月  6 08:01 home
...

# ls -l /home
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 21  1月  6 08:03 web

# ls -l /home/web
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 41  1月  6 08:03 03.html




# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
...
Alias /home_web /home/web
<Directory /home/web>
        Require all granted
</Directory>


# systemctl restart httpd.service


http://172.31.147.99/home_web/03.html
Forbidden
You don't have permission to access this resource.




# tail -1 /var/log/httpd/error_log
[Thu Jan 06 08:13:12.616691 2022] [core:error] [pid 1839:tid 139953681770240] (13)Permission denied: [client 172.31.147.29:49884] AH00132: file permissions deny server access: /home/web/03.html



# man ls
...
       -Z, --context
              print any security context of each file
...


# ls -Z /var/www
system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_script_exec_t:s0 cgi-bin      system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 html

# ls -Z /var/www/html
unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 01.html

# ls -Z /opt
unconfined_u:object_r:usr_t:s0 web

# ls -Z /opt/web
unconfined_u:object_r:usr_t:s0 02.html

# ls -Z /home
unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_dir_t:s0 web

# ls -Z /home/web
unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_t:s0 03.html


# chcon -t httpd_sys_content_t /home/web

# ls -Z /home
unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 web

# ls -Z /home/web
unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_t:s0 03.html

# chcon -t httpd_sys_content_t /home/web/03.html

# ls -Z /home/web
unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 03.html


http://172.31.147.99/home_web/3.html
This page is on /home/web ...


# vi /home/web/04.html
This page is on /home/web TOO ....

# ls -Z /home/web
unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 03.html
unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 04.html




http://172.31.147.99/home_web/04.html
This page is on /home/web TOO ....



@@@ 
若要在 /home 下建立網站虛擬目錄，先
 # chcon -t httpd_sys_content_t /home/web
再建立網頁，就不須再變更各網頁
@@@




----------------------------- UserDir個人網頁 -----------------------------


# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-all
public (active)
  target: default
  icmp-block-inversion: no
  interfaces: ens33
  sources:
  services: cockpit dhcpv6-client http ssh
...




@@@ 
//使用者家目錄的參考，建立 /etc/skel/public_html 這個目錄，那麼未來新增使用者後，在他的家目錄下就會有 public_html 那個目錄了
@@@ 

# useradd kk2
# passwd kk2
更改使用者 kk2 的密碼。
新 密碼：
...

# ls /home/kk2
public_html



# ls -l /home
drwx------. 3 kk2 kk2 81  1月  7 11:47 kk2

# chmod 711 /home/kk2

# ls -l /home
drwx--x--x. 3 kk2 kk2 81  1月  7 11:47 kk2

# ls -l /home/kk2
drwxr-xr-x. 2 kk2 kk2 6  1月  7 11:46 public_html


# vi /home/kk2/public_html/index.html
<h1>
This page is on /home/kk2/public_html...
</h1>



# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/userdir.conf
#    UserDir disabled
      UserDir public_html



# systemctl restart httpd.service

http://172.31.145.99/~kk2/
Forbidden
You don't have permission to access this resource.


# tail -1 /var/log/httpd/error_log
[Fri Jan 07 12:00:19.818519 2022] [core:error] [pid 10425:tid 139701288851200] (13)Permission denied: [client 172.31.145.100:56402] AH00035: access to /~kk2/index.html denied (filesystem path '/home/kk2/public_html/index.html') because search permissions are missing on a component of the path



# sestatus
SELinux status:                 enabled
SELinuxfs mount:                /sys/fs/selinux
SELinux root directory:         /etc/selinux
Loaded policy name:             targeted
Current mode:                   enforcing
Mode from config file:          enforcing
Policy MLS status:              enabled
Policy deny_unknown status:     allowed
Memory protection checking:     actual (secure)
Max kernel policy version:      33


@@@@@@作法1
//Enforcing：SELinux 正在執行; Permissive ：臨時關閉; 如果是 Disabled, 即已經關閉
# getenforce
Enforcing


# setenforce 0
# getenforce
Permissive


http://172.31.145.99/~kk2/
This page is on /home/kk2/public_html...







# setenforce 1
# getenforce
Enforcing
@@@@@@作法2


# getsebool -a | grep httpd
httpd_anon_write --> off
httpd_builtin_scripting --> on
httpd_can_check_spam --> off
httpd_can_connect_ftp --> off
httpd_can_connect_ldap --> off
httpd_can_connect_mythtv --> off
httpd_can_connect_zabbix --> off
httpd_can_network_connect --> off
httpd_can_network_connect_cobbler --> off
httpd_can_network_connect_db --> off
httpd_can_network_memcache --> off
httpd_can_network_relay --> off
httpd_can_sendmail --> off
httpd_dbus_avahi --> off
httpd_dbus_sssd --> off
httpd_dontaudit_search_dirs --> off
httpd_enable_cgi --> on
httpd_enable_ftp_server --> off
httpd_enable_homedirs --> off
httpd_execmem --> off
httpd_graceful_shutdown --> off
httpd_manage_ipa --> off
httpd_mod_auth_ntlm_winbind --> off
httpd_mod_auth_pam --> off
httpd_read_user_content --> off
httpd_run_ipa --> off
httpd_run_preupgrade --> off
httpd_run_stickshift --> off
httpd_serve_cobbler_files --> off
httpd_setrlimit --> off
httpd_ssi_exec --> off
httpd_sys_script_anon_write --> off
httpd_tmp_exec --> off
httpd_tty_comm --> off
httpd_unified --> off
httpd_use_cifs --> off
httpd_use_fusefs --> off
httpd_use_gpg --> off
httpd_use_nfs --> off
httpd_use_opencryptoki --> off
httpd_use_openstack --> off
httpd_use_sasl --> off
httpd_verify_dns --> off

# setsebool -P httpd_enable_homedirs on

http://172.31.145.99/~kk2/
This page is on /home/kk2/public_html...



@@@@@@作法3
****************************************************
永久關閉 SELinux
# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
...
#SELINUX=enforcing
SELINUX=disabled

儲存檔案後重新啟動系統便會永久關閉 SELinux
****************************************************






---------------------------- VirtualHost 虛擬主機 --------------------------

# mkdir /var/www/asus
# vi /var/www/asus/index.html
This is <h1>Asus</h1> web ...


# mkdir /var/www/acer
# vi /var/www/acer/index.html
Thiss is <h1>Acer</h1> web ...






# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
...
<VirtualHost *:80>
        DocumentRoot /var/www/html
        ServerName 172.31.145.99
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>
        DocumentRoot /var/www/asus
        ServerName web.asus.com.tw
</VirtualHost>

<Directory "/var/www/asus">
        Options Indexes
        AllowOverride None
        Require all granted
</Directory>



<VirtualHost *:80>
        DocumentRoot /var/www/html
        ServerName 172.31.145.99
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>
        DocumentRoot /var/www/acer
        ServerName web.acer.com.tw
</VirtualHost>

<Directory "/var/www/acer">
        Options Indexes
        AllowOverride None
        Require all granted
</Directory>
...



# systemctl restart httpd.service


修改 windows10 hosts 檔
以系統管理員身分，執行記事本
檔案-->開啟舊檔：C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts
新增資料：
172.31.145.99 web.asus.com.tw  web.acer.com.tw

完成後-->檔案-->儲存檔案




http://web.asus.com.tw/
This is
Asus
web...

http://web.acer.com.tw/
This is
Acer
web..
















++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ php

# dnf list | grep php
php.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-bcmath.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-cli.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-common.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-dba.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-dbg.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-devel.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-embedded.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-enchant.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-fpm.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-gd.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-gmp.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-intl.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
p-json.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-ldap.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-mbstring.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-mysqlnd.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-odbc.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-opcache.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-pdo.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-pear.noarch 1:1.10.5-9.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-pecl-apcu.x86_64 5.1.12-2.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-pecl-apcu-devel.x86_64 5.1.12-2.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-pecl-zip.x86_64 1.15.3-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-pgsql.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-process.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-recode.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-snmp.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-soap.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-xml.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream
php-xmlrpc.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 AppStream


# dnf -y install php php-fpm php-gd php-mbstring php-mysqlnd

# dnf list installed | grep php
php.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-cli.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-common.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-fpm.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-gd.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-mbstring.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-mysqlnd.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream
php-pdo.x86_64 7.2.24-1.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66 @AppStream

# systemctl restart httpd


# ls /usr/sbin | grep php
php-fpm

# ls /usr/lib/systemd/system | grep php
php-fpm.service

# systemctl | grep php
php-fpm.service

# ls /etc/php.ini



# vi /var/www/html/test.php
<?php
        phpinfo();
php?>


http://172.31.147.99/test.php







# vi /var/www/html/0.php
<?php
ini_set("display_errors","On");   

// // 
# vi /etc/php.ini 
...
display_errors = On
...

# systemctl restart httpd

無效!!!!!!
// //

echo "kk<br>";
echo "瀏覽器中文編碼是否正常？<br>";

$sid="s01";
$str1="select * from tblmen where sid='".$sid."'";
$str2="select * from tblmen where sid='$sid'";        //php 字串以雙引號包起來，單引號會解析出其內容

echo $str1."<br>";
echo $str2."<br>";
echo $str3;

phpinfo();
?>


http://172.31.145.99/0.php
kk
編碼是否正常？
select * from tblmen where sid='s01'
select * from tblmen where sid='s01'

Notice: Undefined variable: str3 in /var/www/html/1.php on line 15
...


//刪除編輯錯誤時所產生的暫存檔
# rm -rf /var/www/html/.1.php.swp





++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++MariaDB

# dnf list | grep mariadb
mariadb.x86_64                                         3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6          AppStream
mariadb-backup.x86_64                            3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6     AppStream
mariadb-common.x86_64                          3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6          AppStream
mariadb-connector-c.i686                          3.0.7-1.el8                                      AppStream
mariadb-connector-c.x86_64                             3.0.7-1.el8                                      AppStream
mariadb-connector-c-config.noarch                      3.0.7-1.el8                                      AppStream
mariadb-connector-c-devel.i686                         3.0.7-1.el8                                      AppStream
mariadb-connector-c-devel.x86_64                       3.0.7-1.el8                                      AppStream
mariadb-connector-odbc.x86_64                          3.0.7-1.el8                                      AppStream
mariadb-devel.x86_64                               3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6          AppStream
mariadb-embedded.x86_64                       3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6          AppStream
mariadb-embedded-devel.x86_64             3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6          AppStream
mariadb-errmsg.x86_64                             3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6          AppStream
mariadb-gssapi-server.x86_64                   3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6          AppStream
mariadb-java-client.noarch                                                 2.2.5-3.el8                                      AppStream
mariadb-oqgraph-engine.x86_64               3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6          AppStream
mariadb-server.x86_64                               3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6          AppStream
mariadb-server-galera.x86_64                    3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6          AppStream
mariadb-server-utils.x86_64                       3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6          AppStream
mariadb-test.x86_64                                    3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6          AppStream

# dnf -y install mariadb-server

# dnf list installed | grep mariadb
mariadb.x86_64                       3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-backup.x86_64                3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-common.x86_64                3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-connector-c.x86_64           3.0.7-1.el8                             @AppStream
mariadb-connector-c-config.noarch    3.0.7-1.el8                             @AppStream
mariadb-errmsg.x86_64                3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-gssapi-server.x86_64         3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-server.x86_64                3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream
mariadb-server-utils.x86_64          3:10.3.17-1.module_el8.1.0+257+48736ea6 @AppStream


# ls /usr/lib/systemd/system | grep mariadb
mariadb@bootstrap.service.d   mariadb.service   mariadb@.service

# systemctl start mariadb
# systemctl enable mariadb
# systemctl status mariadb


# mysqladmin -u root password db123456
# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:


MariaDB [(none)]> select @@datadir;
+-----------------+
| @@datadir       |
+-----------------+
| /var/lib/mysql/ |
+-----------------+


?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 無效

--------------- 資料庫字元集 character set 和連線校對 collaction   -------------

MariaDB [(none)]> set character_set_database='utf8';
MariaDB [(none)]> set collation_database='utf8_unicode_ci';
MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%database';
+------------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name          | Value           |
+------------------------+-----------------+
| character_set_database | utf8            |
| collation_database     | utf8_unicode_ci |
| skip_show_database     | OFF             |
+------------------------+-----------------+




MariaDB [(none)]> create database kkdb;

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| kkdb               |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+



MariaDB [(none)]> show create database kkdb \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Database: kkdb
Create Database: CREATE DATABASE `kkdb` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */
1 row in set (0.000 sec)

ERROR: No query specified




MariaDB [(none)]> use kkdb;

MariaDB [kkdb]> create table tblmen (mid int primary key auto_increment, na varchar(20), accnt varchar(20), pwd varchar(20));

MariaDB [kkdb]> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_kkdb |
+----------------+
| tblmen         |
+----------------+


MariaDB [kkdb]> describe tblmen;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| mid   | int(11)     | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| na    | varchar(20) | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| accnt | varchar(20) | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| pwd   | varchar(20) | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+


MariaDB [kkdb]> show create table tblmen \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Table: tblmen
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `tblmen` (
  `mid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `na` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `accnt` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `pwd` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`mid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1

?????? 如此作法有問題........










MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%character_set%';
+--------------------------+------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                        |
+--------------------------+------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                         |
| character_set_connection | utf8                         |
| character_set_database   | latin1                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                       |
| character_set_results    | utf8                         |
| character_set_server     | latin1                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                         |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mariadb/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+------------------------------+

MariaDB [(none)]> set character_set_database='utf8';

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%character_set%';
+--------------------------+------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                        |
+--------------------------+------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                         |
| character_set_connection | utf8                         |
| character_set_database   | utf8                         |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                       |
| character_set_results    | utf8                         |
| character_set_server     | latin1                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                         |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mariadb/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+------------------------------+



MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%collation%';
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name        | Value             |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci   |
| collation_database   | utf8_general_ci   |
| collation_server     | latin1_swedish_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+



MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%database%';
+------------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name          | Value           |
+------------------------+-----------------+
| character_set_database | utf8            |
| collation_database     | utf8_general_ci |
| skip_show_database     | OFF             |
+------------------------+-----------------+



MariaDB [(none)]> create database testdb;
MariaDB [(none)]> use testdb;
MariaDB [testdb]> show variables like '%database%';
+------------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name          | Value             |
+------------------------+-------------------+
| character_set_database | latin1            |
| collation_database     | latin1_swedish_ci |
| skip_show_database     | OFF               |
+------------------------+-------------------+

MariaDB [testdb]> set character_set_database='utf8';

MariaDB [testdb]> show variables like '%database%';
+------------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name          | Value           |
+------------------------+-----------------+
| character_set_database | utf8            |
| collation_database     | utf8_general_ci |
| skip_show_database     | OFF             |
+------------------------+-----------------+

MariaDB [testdb]> show variables like '%database%';
+------------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name          | Value           |
+------------------------+-----------------+
| character_set_database | utf8            |
| collation_database     | utf8_general_ci |
| skip_show_database     | OFF             |
+------------------------+-----------------+


MariaDB [testdb]> create table tblmen (mid int primary key auto_increment, na varchar(20), accnt varchar(20), pwd varchar(20));


MariaDB [testdb]> show create table tblmen \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Table: tblmen
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `tblmen` (
  `mid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `na` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `accnt` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `pwd` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`mid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1



?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 







MariaDB [(none)]> create database kkdb character set='utf8' collate='utf8_unicode_ci';


MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%database';
+------------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name          | Value             |
+------------------------+-------------------+
| character_set_database | latin1            |
| collation_database     | latin1_swedish_ci |
| skip_show_database     | OFF               |
+------------------------+-------------------+


MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| kkdb               |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+


MariaDB [(none)]> use kkdb;

MariaDB [kkdb]> create table tblmen (mid int primary key auto_increment, na varchar(20), accnt varchar(20), pwd varchar(20));

MariaDB [kkdb]> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_kkdb |
+----------------+
| tblmen         |
+----------------+


MariaDB [kkdb]> describe tblmen;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| mid   | int(11)     | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| na    | varchar(20) | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| accnt | varchar(20) | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| pwd   | varchar(20) | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+

MariaDB [kkdb]> show create table tblmen \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Table: tblmen
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `tblmen` (
  `mid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `na` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  `accnt` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  `pwd` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`mid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci


MariaDB [kkdb]> insert into tblmen values(1,'蔡英九','act1','pwd1');    //AUTO_INCREMENT 無效

MariaDB [kkdb]> insert into tblmen (na,accnt,pwd) values('關羽','act5','pwd5');    //ok! 要寫出欄名

MariaDB [kkdb]> select * from tblmen;
+-----+-----------+-------+------+
| mid | na        | accnt | pwd  |
+-----+-----------+-------+------+
|   1 | 蔡英九    | act1  | pwd1 |
+-----+-----------+-------+------+




===========================

# vi /var/www/html/LinkServer.php

<?php
$host = 'localhost';
$db = 'kkdb';
$user = 'root';
$pwd = 'db123456';
$db_link=new pdo("mysql:host=$host;dbname=$db", $user, $pwd);
$db_link->exec("set character set utf8");
?>





===========================

# vi /var/www/html/list.php

<?php
include("LinkServer.php");

$rt=$db_link->query("select * from tblmen");
$rows=$rt->fetch();
?>

<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<h1 align="center">學生系統</h1>
<p align="center"><a href="add.php">新增學生資料</a>   <a href="query.php">查詢學生資料</a></p>
<table border=1 align="center">
<tr><td>編號</td><td>名字</td><td>帳號</td><td>密碼</td></tr>

<?php
while (!empty($rows)){
        echo "<tr>";
        echo "<td>".$rows["mid"]."</td>";
        echo "<td>".$rows["na"]."</td>";
        echo "<td>".$rows["accnt"]."</td>";
        echo "<td>".$rows["pwd"]."</td>";
        echo "<td><a href='update.php?mid=".$rows["mid"]."'>修改</a></td>";
        echo "<td><a href='delete.php?mid=".$rows["mid"]."'>刪除</a></td>";
        echo "</tr>";

        $rows=$rt->fetch();
}
$db_link=null;


?>

</table>
</body>
</html>











===========================

# vi /var/www/html/add.php

<?php
if ($_POST["act"]=="add"){
    include("LinkServer.php");

//不用mid，可自動寫入
    $rt=$db_link->query("INSERT INTO `tblmen`(`na`, `accnt`, `pwd`) VALUES ('".$_POST["na"]."','".$_POST["accnt"]."','".$_POST["pwd"]."')");

//    $rt=$db_link->query("INSERT INTO `tblmen`(`mid`, `na`, `accnt`, `pwd`) VALUES //('".$_POST["mid"]."','".$_POST["na"]."','".$_POST["accnt"]."','".$_POST["pwd"]."')");

    header("Location:list.php");
}
?>

<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<h1 align="center">新增資料</h1>
<p align="center"><a href="list.php">返回主畫面</a></p>
<form action="" method="post" name="formAdd">
<table align="center">

//mid 輸入欄位 disableded
<tr><td>編號</td><td><input type="text" name="mid" disabled></td></tr>

//<tr><td>編號</td><td><input type="text" name="mid"></td></tr>

<tr><td>名字</td><td><input type="text" name="na"></td></tr>
<tr><td>帳號</td><td><input type="text" name="accnt"></td></tr>
<tr><td>密碼</td><td><input type="text" name="pwd"></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>
<input type="hidden" value="add" name="act">
<input type="submit" value="新增" name="ok">
<input type="reset" value="清除" name="erase">
</td></tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>









===========================

# vi /var/www/html/update.php

<?php

include("LinkServer.php");


if ($_POST["act"]=="update"){
        $str="update tblmen set na='".$_POST["na"]."',accnt='".$_POST["accnt"]."',pwd='".$_POST["pwd"]."' where mid =".$_POST["mid"];
        header("Location:list.php");
}
else{
    $str="select * from tblmen where mid=".$_GET["mid"];
}



$rt=$db_link->query($str);
$rows=$rt->fetch();

?>

<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<h1 align="center">修改資料</h1>
<p align="center"><a href="list.php">返回主畫面</a></p>
<form action="" method="post" name="formUpdate">
<table align="center">
<tr><td>編號</td><td><input type="text" name="mid" value="<?php echo $rows["mid"]; ?>" disabled></td></tr>
<tr><td>名字</td><td><input type="text" name="na" value="<?php echo $rows["na"]; ?>"></td></tr>
<tr><td>帳號</td><td><input type="text" name="accnt" value="<?php echo $rows["accnt"]; ?>"></td></tr>
<tr><td>密碼</td><td><input type="text" name="pwd" value="<?php echo $rows["pwd"]; ?>"></td></tr>

<tr><td></td><td>
<input type="hidden" value="<?php echo $rows["mid"]; ?>" name="mid">
<input type="hidden" value="update" name="act">
<input type="submit" value="更新" name="ok">
<input type="reset" value="清除" name="erase">
</td></tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>









===========================



#vi /var/www/html/query.php


<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<h1 align="center">會員查詢</h1>
<p align="center"><a href="list.php">返回主畫面</a></p>
<form action="" method="post" name="formQuery">
<table align="center">
<tr><td>姓名</td><td><input type="text" name="na"></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>
<input type="hidden" value="query" name="act">
<input type="submit" value="查詢" name="ok">
</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</table>

<?php
if($_POST["act"]=="query"){
        include("LinkServer.php");
        $rt=$db_link->query("select * from tblmen where na LIKE '%".$_POST["na"]."%'");
        $rows=$rt->fetch();

        echo "<table align='center' >";
        echo "<tr><td>編號</td><td>名字</td><td>帳號</td><td>密碼</td></tr>";
        echo "<tr><td>".$rows["mid"]."</td><td>".$rows["na"]."</td><td>".$rows["accnt"]."</td><td>".$rows["pwd"]."</td></tr>";
        echo "</table>";

}

?>

</form>
</body>
</html>













===========================

# vi /var/www/html/delete.php

<?php
include("LinkServer.php");
$rt=$db_link->query("delete from tblmen where mid ='".$_GET["mid"]."'");
?>

<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<h1 align="center">資料刪除完畢！</h1>
<p align="center"><a href="list.php">返回主畫面</a></p>
</body>
</html>







===========================

# vi /var/www/html/index.php

<?php
if ($_POST["act"]=="login"){
    include("LinkServer.php");
    $rt=$db_link->query("select * from tblmen where accnt ='".$_POST["accnt"]."' and pwd ='".$_POST["pwd"]."'");

    $data_cnt=$rt->rowCount();

        if ($data_cnt==1){
                header("Location:list.php");
        }else{
                header("Location:index.php");
        }

}
?>

<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<h1 align="center">會員登入</h1>
<form action="" method="post" name="formAdd">
<table align="center">
<tr><td>帳號</td><td><input type="text" name="accnt"></td></tr>
<tr><td>密碼</td><td><input type="text" name="pwd"></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>
<input type="hidden" value="login" name="act">
<input type="submit" value="登入" name="ok">
</td></tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>





===========================





Table 匯出、匯入



# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 17
Server version: 10.3.28-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]>


//欄位分隔符號，預設"\t"
//每行結束符號，預設"\n" 
MariaDB [kkdb]> select * from tblmen into outfile 'tblmen.txt';

MariaDB [kkdb]> Ctrl-C -- exit!
Aborted
#


# cat /var/lib/mysql/kkdb/tblmen.txt
1       蔡英九  act1    pwd1
2       蘇太多  act2    pwd2
3       陳偉    act3    pwd3
4       趙少主  act44   pwd44


# vi /var/lib/mysql/kkdb/tblmen.txt
1       蔡英九  act1    pwd1
2       蘇太多  act2    pwd2
3       陳偉    act3    pwd3
4       趙少主  act44   pwd44
5       王政正  act5    pwd5
6       韓國仁  act6    pwd6

---------------------------------
刪除原資料(清空)再匯入
---------------------------------

MariaDB [kkdb]> delet from tblmen;

MariaDB [kkdb]> load data infile 'tblmen.txt' into table tblmen;

MariaDB [kkdb]> select * from tblmen;
+-----+-----------+-------+-------+
| mid | na        | accnt | pwd   |
+-----+-----------+-------+-------+
|   1 | 蔡英九    | act1  | pwd1  |
|   2 | 蘇太多    | act2  | pwd2  |
|   3 | 陳偉      | act3  | pwd3  |
|   4 | 趙少主    | act44 | pwd44 |
|   5 | 王政正    | act5  | pwd5  |
|   6 | 韓國仁    | act6  | pwd6  |
+-----+-----------+-------+-------+







---------------------------------
在原有資料後匯入新資料
---------------------------------

MariaDB [kkdb]> select * from tblmen;
+-----+-----------+---------+-------+
| mid | na        | accnt   | pwd   |
+-----+-----------+---------+-------+
|   1 | 蕭蕭      | accnt01 | pwd01 |
|   6 | 老樹      | accnt6  | pwd6  |
|   7 | 公投      | accnt1  | pwd1  |
|   8 | 擁核      | accnt2  | pwd2  |
|   9 | 陳偉      | act3    | pwd3  |
|  10 | 趙少主    | act44   | pwd44 |
|  11 | 王政正    | act5    | pwd5  |
|  12 | 韓國仁    | act6    | pwd6  |
+-----+-----------+---------+-------+
8 rows in set (0.000 sec)


//原空的mid 可以再回收使用
# vi /var/lib/mysql/tblmen.txt
3       蕭蕭    accnt01 pwd01
13      杜莎    accnt13 pwd13


MariaDB [kkdb]> load data infile "tblmen.text" into table tblmen;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.001 sec)
Records: 2  Deleted: 0  Skipped: 0  Warnings: 0

MariaDB [kkdb]> select * from tblmen;
+-----+-----------+---------+-------+
| mid | na        | accnt   | pwd   |
+-----+-----------+---------+-------+
|   1 | 蕭蕭      | accnt01 | pwd01 |
|   3 | 蕭蕭      | accnt01 | pwd01 |
|   6 | 老樹      | accnt6  | pwd6  |
|   7 | 公投      | accnt1  | pwd1  |
|   8 | 擁核      | accnt2  | pwd2  |
|   9 | 陳偉      | act3    | pwd3  |
|  10 | 趙少主    | act44   | pwd44 |
|  11 | 王政正    | act5    | pwd5  |
|  12 | 韓國仁    | act6    | pwd6  |
|  13 | 杜莎      | accnt13 | pwd13 |
+-----+-----------+---------+-------+
10 rows in set (0.000 sec)











Database 備份、還原

//備份資料庫，沒寫 table 代表全部 database

# mysqldump -u root -p kkdb > kkdb.bk.sql
Enter password:

# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  kkdb.bk.sql



//刪除database
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| kkdb               |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+


MariaDB [(none)]> drop database kkdb;
ERROR 1010 (HY000): Error dropping database (can't rmdir './kkdb', errno: 39 "Directory not empty")


MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| kkdb               |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+

MariaDB [(none)]> use kkdb;

MariaDB [kkdb]> show tables;
Empty set (0.000 sec)


?????database 還在 但 table 已刪除 
?????因為 在var/lib/mysql/kkdb/ 有曾經匯出的 table 資料


# ls /var/lib/mysql/kkdb/tblmen.txt
/var/lib/mysql/kkdb/tblmen.txt

# rm  /var/lib/mysql/kkdb/tblmen.txt
rm：是否移除普通檔案'/var/lib/mysql/kkdb/tblmen.txt'? y

?????刪除在var/lib/mysql/kkdb/ 曾經匯出的 table 資料 即可完整刪除database

MariaDB [(none)]> drop database kkdb;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+


# ls /var/lib/mysql/kkdb
ls: 無法存取 '/var/lib/mysql/kkdb': No such file or directory



//資料庫還原
//先建立空資料庫

MariaDB [(none)]> create database kkdb character set='utf8' collate='utf8_unicode_ci';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.001 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| kkdb               |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+


//還原
# mysql -u root -p kkdb < kkdb.bk.sql
Enter password:

# ls /var/lib/mysql/kkdb
db.opt  tblmen.frm  tblmen.ibd



MariaDB [(none)]> use kkdb;

MariaDB [kkdb]> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_kkdb |
+----------------+
| tblmen         |
+----------------+


MariaDB [kkdb]> select * from tblmen;
+-----+-----------+-------+-------+
| mid | na        | accnt | pwd   |
+-----+-----------+-------+-------+
|   1 | 蔡英九    | act1  | pwd1  |
|   2 | 蘇太多    | act2  | pwd2  |
|   3 | 陳偉      | act3  | pwd3  |
|   4 | 趙少主    | act44 | pwd44 |
|   5 | 王政正    | act5  | pwd5  |
|   6 | 韓國仁    | act6  | pwd6  |
+-----+-----------+-------+-------+


-----------------------------------------------------------

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